Ayyuka da Aikace-aikacen PDC Drill Bits
18 May 2024
Halayen Ayyuka na PDC Drill Bits
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) rawar hakowa suna da suna saboda kyakkyawan aikinsu a cikin aikace-aikacen hakowa daban-daban. Halayen aikinsu sun haɗa da inganci mai girma, dorewa, da kuma dacewa da yanayin ƙasa daban-daban. Waɗannan su ne wasu mahimman halayen aiki na PDC rawar hakowa:
- Matsakaicin Yawan Shigarwa: PDC bits suna da saurin hakowa mai sauri, musamman a cikin ƙananan zuwa matsakaicin tsauraran duwatsu. Bisa ga binciken da Schlumberger ya yi, PDC bits na iya cimma yawan shigarwa har zuwa 50% fiye da na gargajiya roller-cone bits a cikin yanayi masu dacewa.
- Ɗorewa da Tsawon Rai: PDC bits an ƙera su don jure wa manyan matakan damuwa da lalacewa. Masu yankan lu'u-lu'u na roba suna haɗe da tushe na tungsten carbide, suna ba da ƙwarin gaske da juriya ga lalacewa. Bayanai daga Halliburton sun nuna cewa PDC bits na iya ɗaukar har sau 20 fiye da bits na al'ada a cikin tsarukan da ba su da abrasiveness.
- Tsayayyen Zafi: PDC masu yankan suna nuna kyakkyawan tsayayyen zafi, wanda ke ba su damar ci gaba da ingancin yankansu a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a cikin hakar rijiyar mai zurfi inda yanayin zafi zai iya wuce 200°C.
- Ramukan Hakowa Masu Santsi: Aikin yankan PDC bits yana haifar da ramuka masu santsi, wanda ke rage haɗarin makalewar bututun hakowa kuma yana sauƙaƙa aikin sanya casing da siminti. Wani rahoto daga American Petroleum Institute (API) ya nuna cewa ramukan hakowa masu santsi da PDC bits ke samarwa na iya haifar da tanadin kuɗi mai yawa a kammala rijiyar.
Aikace-aikacen PDC Drill Bits
PDC rawanin hakowa ana amfani da su a cikin aikace-aikace daban-daban na hakowa saboda yanayin aiki mai yawa da kuma ingantaccen aiki. Ga wasu aikace-aikacen gama gari:
- Hakowa Man Fetur da Gas: PDC bits ana amfani da su sosai a masana'antar man fetur da gas don hakowa bincike da rijiyoyin samarwa. Suna da tasiri musamman a cikin ƙirƙira shale, waɗanda suke yawaita a cikin rijiyoyin da ba na al'ada ba. Misali, a cikin Permian Basin, masu aiki sun ruwaito karuwar kashi 30% a cikin ingancin hakowa ta amfani da PDC bits kamar yadda aka lura da Baker Hughes.
- Hakowa Mai Zafi na Kasa: A cikin hakowa mai zafi na kasa, tsayayyen yanayin zafi da juriya ga lalacewa na PDC bits suna sanya su dace don hako ta cikin duwatsu masu wuya da masu yawan laka. Bisa ga Majalisar Albarkatun Geothermal, amfani da PDC bits ya rage lokutan hakowa har zuwa 40% a wasu ayyukan geothermal.
- Hakowa Rijiyar Ruwa: PDC bits ana amfani da su a cikin hakowa rijiyar ruwa saboda iyawarsu na hanzarta shiga cikin nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban, daga laushin laka zuwa dutse mai wuya. Wannan yana rage lokacin hakowa da kuma kuɗi, yana mai da su zaɓi mai tsada don ayyukan rijiyar ruwa.
- Binciken Ma'adinai: A cikin hakar ma'adinai, ana amfani da PDC bits don hakowa bincike domin gano ajiya na ma'adanai. Ikonsu na ci gaba da kasancewa masu kaifi da kuma jure lalacewa yana da matukar muhimmanci wajen hako duwatsu masu wuya da kuma masu yawan tsatsa waɗanda ake yawan cin karo da su a ayyukan hakar ma'adinai.
Abubuwan da Suke Tasiri Akan Ayyukan PDC Drill Bit
Abubuwa da dama na iya tasiri kan aikin PDC drill bits. Fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan na iya taimakawa wajen inganta ayyukan hakowa da haɓaka ingantaccen aiki gaba ɗaya.
- Yanayin Dutsen: Nau'in da taurin dutsen da ake hakowa yana da tasiri sosai akan aikin PDC bits. Misali, PDC bits suna aiki sosai a cikin yanayin shale da sandstone amma suna iya saurin lalacewa a cikin yanayi masu yawan abrasiveness kamar granite.
- Ma'aunin Hakowa: Ma'aunin hakowa na da muhimmanci, kamar saurin juyawa (RPM), nauyi akan bit (WOB), da karfin juyi, suna da matukar muhimmanci wajen inganta aikin PDC bit. Bisa ga binciken da SPE (Kungiyar Injiniyoyin Man Fetur) suka yi, daidaita wadannan ma'aunai na iya inganta yawan hako mai da tsawaita rayuwar bit har zuwa kashi 25%.
- Ruwan Hakowa: Halayen ruwan hakowa, ciki har da danko, yawa, da lubrication, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin PDC bit. Ruwan hakowa da aka tsara da kyau yana taimakawa sanyaya bit, cire yankan, da rage gogayya. Bayanai daga MudTech sun nuna cewa amfani da ruwan hakowa mai inganci zai iya tsawaita rayuwar bit da kashi 15-20%.
- Fasahohin Aiki: Ingantattun fasahohin aiki, ciki har da zaɓin bit mai kyau, sarrafawa, da kulawa, suna da mahimmanci don haɓaka aikin PDC. Horarwa da ƙwarewar ma'aikatan hakowa kuma suna taimakawa wajen nasarar aiki da tsawon rayuwar bit. Misali, NOV sun ba da rahoton cewa ingantattun hanyoyin sarrafa bit na iya rage yawan lalacewar bit da kashi 30%.
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